Parts of speech & sentence parts · Topic 1 of 17

The Eight Parts of Speech

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Grammar · parts of speech

Eight parts of speech name the job a word does; pick prepositions, conjunctions and transitions by the relationship the sentence needs.

01 · Eight jobs8 parts of speech = 8 jobs a word does

02 · Job, not wordSame word, new job, new part of speech

03 · Word choicePick the joining word by its logic

8 parts: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, interjection must know

Part of speech = the word's job in this sentence: before lunch (prep.) · met before (adv.) must know

Noun = person, place, thing or idea; pronoun stands in for it: the nurse → she must know

Verb = action or state of being: lifts · wrote · is · seems must know

Adjective describes a noun; adverb describes a verb, adjective or adverb: calm · calmly must know

Preposition + its object shows time, place or direction: after dinner · under the sink

Conjunctions join: FANBOYS link equal parts · because/although/when attach a clause

Interjection = a burst of feeling set apart: Ouch! · Oh, I forgot

-ing/-ed verb forms can act as adjectives or nouns: a broken cup · Swimming relaxes me

Paired conjunctions stay paired: either…or · neither…nor · not only…but also

should have, never "should of": I should have called first

into = movement toward; in = location: walked into the lab · worked in the lab

a before a consonant sound, an before a vowel sound: an hour · a uniform

✗ It was long; therefore, most finished early → ✓ …long; however, most finished early

Commonly confused

	Coordinating (FANBOYS)	Subordinating
Words	for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so	because, although, when, if, since, while
Joins	two equal parts	a dependent clause to a main clause
Example	I was tired, but I stayed.	I stayed because the shift ran late.

neither pairs with nor, never or — ✗ Neither the cook or the server came

Drop extra prepositions — ✗ Where is the mop at? · ✗ jumped off of the step

Pick the joining word by the logic: contrast = but/however · result = so/therefore

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Articles identify a noun: the = a specific one · a/an = any one

this + noun = adjective; this alone = pronoun: This cart is full · This is full

like + a noun; as/as if + a subject and verb: like a pro · as I said

Prefer different from to different than: Her method is different from mine

Pearl

Ask what the word is doing in this sentence, not what it usually is.

Practice this topic, then test the whole section.

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