Droplet Precautions

Droplet precautions protect against pathogens transmitted via large respiratory droplets (≥5 micrometers) generated when a client coughs, sneezes, talks, or undergoes suctioning. These droplets are heavy — they travel up to 3 feet (some guidelines extend to 6 feet) and then fall, so they do NOT remain suspended in air. This is the critical distinction from airborne transmission. The required PPE is a standard surgical/procedure mask worn within 3–6 feet of the client; add eye protection/face shield when splashes or sprays are anticipated. An N95 respirator is NOT needed. The client goes into a private room, but negative-pressure airflow is NOT required. If a private room is unavailable, cohorting with another client who has the same organism is acceptable, with a curtain drawn between beds. Key droplet-transmitted organisms include influenza, pertussis (whooping cough), diphtheria, mumps, rubella, meningococcal meningitis, and group A streptococcal pharyngitis. During transport, the CLIENT wears a surgical mask; the nurse applies a mask when within 3–6 feet of the client per standard droplet protocol. You apply your mask before entering the room and remove it after exiting. Droplet precautions for meningococcal meningitis may be discontinued after 24 hours of effective antibiotic therapy.